To check the Ubuntu version from the command line, you can use this command:
cat /etc/lsb-release
Output should be something like this:
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS"
In this example, Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS is used.